Hi,
Filters are not meant to work or categories and products listings are not meant to display categories.
So doing it like that would indeed require a heavy customization, with a custom filtering system and a custom listing display. The best in that case would actually to create a small custom component which would only display that listing the way you need it with the filters you need. The products/categories links of the listing would then direct to the normal pages of HikaShop. So it wouldn't be a problem for updates since you would have the listing on another component.
But here is a close enough solution which doesn't require one line of coding:
You create fake products, one per sub category so that they would display on the products listing for the sub categories. That way, no issue with the filters, or the pagination or anything.
Then, you enter the URL of the sub category listing of the products in the "canonical URL" field of the sub category and you turn on the "force canonical URLs on listings".
That way, when you click on a fake product of the listing, it will actually direct you to the same link of the sub category.
So it will display as you want, but with zero coding but a bit of management overhead of the fake products.