Hi,
You can create a menu item of the type "HikaShop categories listing" via the Joomla menu manager, and then activate the "Show children" setting under the "categories options" tab of your menu item.
Then, when you click on the menu item, you'll see a listing of your categories and for each category a sub listing of its sub categories.
However, that listing will be a simple ul/li list with only the names of the sub categories.
Of course, if you click on the name of the category, you'll end up on a listing of the sub categories of that category with the name and image of the sub categories, like on the main categories listing.
But if you want the images of the sub categories directly next to the name of the sub categories on the main categories listing, that will require some customization.
You'll have to edit the file "listing_img_title" of the view "category" via the menu Display>Views and there, you'll have to run a MySQL query in order to load the image of the sub categories from the table #__hikashop_file and then you can display them like the main category image is displayed with code similar to what you have at the top of the view file.